In which location was Cicero born?

Cicero was born in Arpinum, a town located approximately 100 kilometers southeast of Rome. This historical context is significant because Arpinum was a relatively small town during Cicero's time, and it is often highlighted in discussions about his background and the influence of his provincial upbringing on his later life and career as a statesman and orator. Cicero's heritage included the status of a novus homo, or new man, which means he was the first in his family to achieve senatorial rank, underscoring the importance of his origins in shaping his identity and his views on Roman society.

The other locations mentioned are notable in their own right: Rome, as the capital and a major center of power, was critical to Cicero's political career; Antium, an ancient port city, has historical significance but is not associated with Cicero's birthplace; and Capua was an important city in Campania known for its strategic and economic significance. However, none of these locations can be linked to Cicero's birth as directly as Arpinum can.